TIARNITA MARIA SARJANI BR. SIREGAR; DESVI PUTRI ANDRIANI TELAMBANUA; PAULINA TAMBUNAN; PUJI KRISTIAN GURNING; ELMARIA SITUMEANG; PASKAH VALERIUS SAGALA; REGINA NAIBAHO. Pedagogical Challenges of Elementary School Teachers in Classroom Instruction. International Journal of Educational Research, [S. l.], v. 3, n. 1, p. 13–20, 2026. DOI: 10.62951/ijer.v3i1.484. Disponível em: https://international.aripi.or.id/index.php/IJER/article/view/484. Acesso em: 14 mar. 2026.